Sprouts | Topological Games


The players take turns in joining dots according to simple rules, until one player cannot make a move.

Description

Start by drawing two or more spots on a piece of paper.
Players then take turns to make a move, according to the following rules:
  • Draw a curve joining two spots, or a single spot to itself. The curve must not pass through another spot.
  • Draw a spot on the new curve.
  • No more than three lines can emerge from any spot.
The last player to be able to move wins.
The game is remarkably complicated, and even starting with two spots leads to an interesting game.

Example

In the following sample game with two spots Blue has the first move, and Red wins after 4 moves because Blue has no move:
Example

History

Sprouts was invented by the mathematicians M. S. Paterson and J. H. Conway, and was analysed in Winning Ways, Academic Press, 1982.

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